U.S. and European counterterror officials are zeroing in on Islamic State masterminds of a terror campaign against Europe that continues despite military setbacks for ISIS in the Middle East.
The ISIS attacks on France and Belgium exposed weaknesses in Europe's approach to borders and information sharing that counterterror officials had warned about for years. The vulnerabilities remain largely unaddressed.
In the fight against ISIS, the Obama administration has been forced to work with partners who often have strikingly different agendas than the United States. "The Middle East is a confusing place," Defense Secretary Ash Carter says of the situation, "but we're not confused about what American interests are."
"I would be the last one to say that we've turned a corner," says Brett McGurk, the Special Presidential Envoy for the Global Coalition to Counter ISIL. "This remains a lethal terrorist organization."
While the U.S. has maintained a narrow focus on degrading and ultimately defeating ISIS, competing agendas among a group of eight key players involved in the fight have served to complicate that effort.
American and Iraqi forces are gearing up for another big fight against ISIS, but victory may not matter much in the overall battle to eradicate the terrorist group.
A trove of communications from ISIS plots and activity in Europe reveals a mix of direct control and improvisation and shows the crucial importance of encrypted messaging tools. “Detonate your belt in the crowds,” one message declared.